Write an essay of at least 350 words that explains the basic functions and sources of minerals and water in the body. Include what you learned about minerals, water, and dehydration from the article. Provide responses to the following:
- Mention two major and two minor minerals. State their functions, sources and deficiency conditions.
- Research information about one of the following: osteoporosis, anemia or iodine deficiency disorders. For your selection, indicate symptoms, required minerals and food sources, people or areas affected, and how the disease is managed or treated.
- What are the functions of water in the body?
- What is the general effect of dehydration on the body?
Include references with citations in APA format.
Expert Solution Preview
Introduction: In this essay, we will discuss the functions and sources of minerals and water in the human body. We will also analyze the effects of dehydration on the body. Additionally, we will examine the importance of various minerals and the role they play in preventing diseases such as osteoporosis, anemia, and iodine deficiency.
Minerals are inorganic substances found in food, and they are essential for maintaining the body’s overall health. They are categorized into two groups: major and minor minerals. Two major minerals are calcium and phosphorus. Calcium is required for healthy bones and teeth, muscle contraction, and blood clotting. Milk, cheese, and leafy greens are rich sources of calcium. Phosphorus, on the other hand, is necessary for energy production, healthy bones, and cell membranes. It is found in foods such as meat, poultry, and fish. The deficiency of calcium can lead to weakened bones and osteoporosis, while phosphorus deficiency might lead to bone pain and weakened bones.
Two minor minerals are iron and zinc. Iron helps transport oxygen in the blood and is necessary for the immune system. It’s essential to consume foods like red meat, poultry, beans, and spinach to avoid iron deficiency, which leads to anemia. Zinc helps with the immune system and wound healing. It is found in foods like oysters, poultry, beef, and beans. Zinc deficiency can lead to impaired immune function and stunted growth.
Osteoporosis is a condition that causes bones to become fragile and brittle, leading to fractures. The disease affects mainly older adults, especially women, and is more common among people with low calcium and phosphorus intake. Foods high in calcium and phosphorus, like milk, cheese, and greens, and taking supplements can help prevent osteoporosis.
Anemia is a condition that results from a lack of iron in the body, leading to a shortage of red blood cells. Foods like beans, red meat, spinach, should be included in the diet to prevent anemia and increase iron intake.
Iodine deficiency disorders occur when there is a lack of iodine in the diet. Iodine is required for the production of thyroid hormone, which is essential for the growth and development of the body. Foods rich in iodine, like fish and seaweed, can help prevent this condition.
Water is essential for the body’s overall functioning, as it makes up about 60% of our body weight. Water helps regulate body temperature, transport nutrients, remove waste, and moisten tissues. Dehydration occurs when the body loses more water than it takes in. The general effect of dehydration varies with its severity. Mild dehydration can cause dry mouth and headaches. More severe dehydration can lead to dizziness, rapid heartbeat, and even death.
In conclusion, minerals, water, and their sources play an essential role in the proper functioning of the human body. Thus, it is crucial to consume a variety of minerals and adequate amounts of water to maintain our overall health and prevent diseases.
